Existen diferentes tipos de estratificación social, entre los que se destacan:
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Se analizan principalmente tres ejes: Económico: Riqueza y renta. Social: Prestigio y reconocimiento. Político: Poder e influencia en la toma de decisiones. 2. El modelo de clases en la sociedad contemporánea Político: Poder e influencia en la toma de decisiones
Social stratification is not simply a ladder of individual effort. It is a persistent system of institutionalized inequality. While modern Spain claims to be a meritocracy, Requena demonstrates that social origin remains the single strongest predictor of educational attainment, occupational status, and lifetime income. The middle class is shrinking, the elite consolidate their privileges through private education and inheritance, and the working class faces fragmentation. To understand social justice, one must first map the strata. It is a persistent system of institutionalized inequality
: A central theme is whether individuals can move between strata. Requena explores intergenerational mobility—how much a person's starting point (family origin) dictates their destination.
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Marx saw a simple, violent divide: the bourgeoisie and the proletariat. It was a story of haves and have-nots, defined entirely by who owned the means of production. Weber, however, saw a more nuanced lattice. He introduced status and political power as variables independent of money. He understood that a broke aristocrat still commands more respect than a newly rich merchant, and that power is not just about capital, but about influence.